Accurate　estimation　of　the　carbon　sequestration　potential　of　afforestation　helps　us　better　understand　the　carbon　cycle　in　China　and　provides　the　guide　for　national　forest　policies.　Forest　data　from　China　Forestry　Statistical　Yearbook　were　used　to　estimate　carbon　stocks　and　explore　the　carbon　sequestration　potential　in　China＇s　forests　in　the　next　100　years.　In　this　study,　we　estimate　the　forest　biomass　carbon　storage　and　carbon　sequestration　potential　of　new　afforestation　in　China　over　the　next　100　years　based　on　new　afforestation　area　from　China　Forestry　Statistical　Yearbook　during　2005-2013　and　forest　type　map　in　2010　derived　from　remote　sensing　information.　In　the　consideration　of　annual　forest　survival　rate,　carbon　pools　of　the　new　afforestation　are　estimated　with　the　forest　growth　equations　for　different　forest　types.　The　potential　changes　in　China＇s　forest　biomass　carbon　storage　between　2005　and　2100　were　estimated　with　reconstructed　forest　areas.　The　results　show　that　the　total　new　afforestation　area　of　China　are　4394　×　104　hm2　from　2005　to　2013.　With　the　assumption　of　continuous　natural　forest　growth,　the　volume　of　new　afforestation　during　2005-2013　will　increase　to　16.8　billion　m3.　The　biomass　and　carbon　pool　will　increase　to　1.6　Pg　and　0.76　Pg　C　by　2020,　respectively.　The　new　afforestation　biomass　carbon　storage　will　increase　by　2.11　Pg　C　during　2005-2100.　The　carbon　storage　of　new　afforestation　over　the　next　100　years　are　about　25%　of　current　biomass　carbon　stocks　in　forests　and　are　about　1.5　times　of　total　forest　carbon　sink　of　the　past　20　years.　Furthermore,　the　biomass　carbon　density　of　China＇s　afforestation　will　reach　48.1　Mg　C/hm2　by　2100.　In　China,　the　new　afforestation　has　played　an　important　role　in　the　increase　of　forest　carbon　storage　and　has　a　great　potential　for　carbon　sequestration.　Therefore,　forest　management　in　China　is　of　importance　to　mitigate　increases　in　greenhouse　gas　emissions.　©　2016,　Science　Press.　All　right　reserved.