A　simple,　novel　approach　is　proposed　for　the　preparation　of　plasma-exfoliated　graphene　(PEGN)　by　reducing　graphene　oxide　(GO)　through　a　dielectric-barrier　discharge　(DBD)　plasma　treatment　in　a　H2　atmosphere.　The　surface　chemistry,　microstructures,　and　crystallinity　of　the　prepared　samples　were　characterized　via　X-ray　photoelectron　spectroscopy,　transmission　electron　microscopy,　and　Raman　spectrometry　to　determine　the　formation　mechanism　of　the　PEGN.　The　results　demonstrated　that　the　prepared　PEGN　had　only　a　few　layers　in　its　structure　and　that　most　of　the　functional　groups　containing　oxygen　on　the　GO　surface　were　removed.　The　PEGN　exhibited　a　considerably　higher　capacity,　better　cycling　stability,　and　favorable　electron　transfer　rate　for　use　as　a　cathode　material　for　lithium-ion　batteries.　This　proposed　approach　is　fast,　convenient,　and　inexpensive,　constituting　a　novel　means　of　producing　graphene.　©　2019　by　the　authors.　Licensee　MDPI,　Basel,　Switzerland.