It　is　an　interesting　issue　how　to　monitor　and　manage　large-scale　structures　so　that　the　alarm　will　be　warned　before　various　accidents　occur,　thus　the　disaster　loss　can　be　decreased　to　be　the　minimum.　Numerous　long-term　on-line　structural　health　monitoring　systems　have　been　developed　and　installed　in　china.　However,　another　problem　arises　gradually　how　to　effectively　deal　with　huge　and　abundant　measured　information　from　a　structural　health　monitoring　system,　thus　to　asses　structural　condition　states.　In　view　of　this,　intelligent　information　processing,　which　is　a　process　of　transforming　the　incomplete,　imprecise,　inconsistent　and　uncertain　information　into　complete,　precise,　consistent　and　certain　information,　provides　an　approach　and　technique　assurance　to　solve　the　above　difficulties.　This　paper　started　from　the　structural　health　monitoring　and　its　primary　issues,　and　then　presents　a　survey　and　overview　of　the　intelligent　information　and　its　application　to　structural　health　monitoring　and　damage　diagnosis,　including　modern　signal　processing,　neural　network,　fuzzy　theory,　data/　information　fusion,　fractal　theory,　rough　set　and　evolutionary　computation.　Further　promising　research　in　the　future　are　discussed　finally.