Hadoop　is　an　open　source　software　framework　of　distributed　processing　of　big　data.　There　are　many　kinds　of　services　in　Hadoop　ecosystem,　such　as　HDFS,　Map-Reduce,　HBase,　Hive,　Yarn,　Flume,　Spark,　Storm,　Zookeeper,　and　so　on,　which　increase　the　complexity　of　deployment　and　configuration.　It　takes　plenty　of　time　to　construct　a　Hadoop　cluster.　Although　there　are　some　management　tools　which　help　administrators　deploy　and　configure　Hadoop　clusters　automatically,　they　usually　provide　a　fixed　solution.　So　administrators　couldn＇t　construct　their　Hadoop　clusters　according　to　different　management　requirements　by　the　tools.　Software　architecture　acts　as　a　bridge　between　requirements　and　implementations.　It　has　been　used　to　reduce　the　complexity　and　cost　mainly　resulted　from　the　difficulties　faced　by　understanding　the　large-scale　and　complex　software　system.　This　paper　proposes　a　model　based　approach　to　Hadoop　deployment　and　configuration　which　help　administrators　construct　Hadoop　clusters　in　a　simple　but　powerful　enough　manner.　First,　we　provide　the　unified　models　of　Hadoop　software　architecture,　according　to　the　domain　knowledge　of　current　Hadoop　deployment　and　configuration.　Second,　we　provide　a　framework　with　a　set　of　definable　rules　for　domain　experts　to　describe　their　solutions　to　deploy　and　configure　Hadoop　clusters.　Thus,　administrators　can　use　various　custom　solutions　to　automatically　deploy　and　configure　their　Hadoop　clusters　according　to　different　management　requirements.　In　addition,　a　real-world　experiment　demonstrates　the　feasibility,　effectiveness　and　benefits　of　the　new　approach　to　Hadoop　deployment　and　configuration.