Agricultural　and　forestry　production　produces　plenty　of　wastes　every　year.　Simple　incineration　of　these　wastes　will　destroy　the　environment　and　waste　resources.　However,　scattered　distribution,　low　energy　density,　and　the　strong　harvest　seasonality　of　forestry　and　agricultural　residues　restrict　their　effective　recycling.　Therefore,　this　study　aims　to　establish　a　reasonable,　efficient,　and　low-cost　recycling　network.　First,　the　main　features　and　basic　attributes　of　forestry　and　agricultural　residues　were　analyzed,　and　different　forms　of　recycling　networks　were　proposed　according　to　differences　in　the　process　from　sourcing　to　processing　and　utilization.　A　location-route　collaborative　decision-making　optimization　model　was　established　to　determine　the　overall　layout　of　the　recycling　network　and　transportation　routes　based　on　a　comprehensive　consideration　of　the　node　capacity　of　the　recycling　network　and　the　cost　of　transportation　routes.　An　improved　genetic　algorithm　was　proposed　according　to　the　model　characteristics　to　solve　the　model,　which　had　an　efficient　operation,　good　optimization,　and　strong　convergence.　Finally,　effectiveness　and　feasibility　of　the　model　and　the　algorithm　were　verified　through　an　example.　Research　results　provide　theoretical　references　to　solve　the　recycling　problem　of　forestry　and　agricultural　residues　and　reduce　the　logistics　costs.