A　comparative　study　was　conducted　to　determine　the　effects　of　graphene　and　carbon　nanotubes　on　the　thermo-mechanical　properties　of　asphalt　binder　using　molecular　simulations　and　experiments.　Micro-morphology　of　graphene　and　carbon　nanotubes　was　measured　by　scanning　electron　microscopy.　Thermal　stability　and　glass　transition　temperature　were　investigated　by　differential　scanning　calorimeter.　Simulation　results　indicated　that　the　T-g　had　slightly　changed　for　graphene-modified　asphalt　(GMA)　and　carbon　nanotubes-modified　asphalt　(CNsMA)　and　that　the　thermal　expansion　coefficients　and　thermal　conductivity　increased　along　with　the　adding　amount　of　graphene　or　carbon　nanotubes.　The　T-g　calculated　by　density-temperature　method　was　closer　than　the　experimental　T-g　and　the　T-g　decreased　in　the　order　of　CNsMA,　GMA　and　asphalt.　Young＇s　modulus　of　asphalt,　GMA　and　CNsMA　were　9.2658,　25.7563　and　17.8249　GPa　at　298K,　respectively,　which　indicated　that　thermo-mechanical　properties　of　asphalt　showed　considerable　improvements　after　the　addition　of　graphene　or　carbon　nanotubes,　and　carbon　nanotubes-modified　asphalt　and　GMA　were　promising　candidates　for　the　future　modified　asphalt.