A　variety　of　fungi,　plants,　and　their　different　tissues　are　used　in　Traditional　Chinese　Medicine　to　improve　health,　and　some　of　them　are　recommended　for　dietary　therapy.　Many　of　these　plants　and　fungi　contain　antifungal　proteins　and　peptides　which　suppress　spore　germination　and　hyphal　growth　in　phytopathogenic　fungi.　The　aim　of　this　article　is　to　review　antifungal　proteins　produced　by　medicinal　plants　and　fungi　used　in　Chinese　medicine　which　also　possess　anticancer　and　Human　Immunodeficiency　Virus-1　(HIV-1)　enzyme　inhibitory　activities.