The　Chinese　government　is　committed　to　sustainability　governance　to　alleviate　the　shortage　of　energy　and　the　imbalance　between　ecological　environment　and　economic　development.　This　paper　evaluates　and　analyzes　the　sustainability　governance　performance　of　China.　A　bootstrap　data　envelopment　analysis　(DEA)　is　proposed　to　evaluate　sustainability　governance　performance　of　30　provinces　based　on　ecological　efficiency　in　China　from　1998　to　2015.　The　results　indicate　that　the　ecological　efficiency　of　China　significantly　improved　as　a　whole,　which　is　related　to　the　decline　in　sulfur　dioxide　emissions.　Among　these　provinces,　Jiangsu,　Liaoning,　and　Inner　Mongolia　exhibited　the　highest　values,　while　Gansu,　Chongqing,　and　Sichuan　had　the　lowest　values.　The　30　provinces　were　divided　into　four　sub-areas.　The　average　ecological　efficiency　of　the　eastern　area　was　the　highest,　followed　by　the　northeast　area.　Compared　to　the　east　area,　northeast　area,　and　central　area,　we　find　that　west　area　obviously　falls　behind.　As　such,　the　results　provide　helpful　guidance　to　improve　ecological　governance　performance.